Aquarium Care for Freshwater Fish

Aquarium Care for Freshwater Fish

Freshwater fish are perhaps the easiest fish to care for in comparison to saltwater species because they are usually hardier fish. A basic aquarium set up will be required. You will need a tank, some rocks or substrate to line bottom of the tank. You will also need a filter, and some lighting. When choosing fish, it is imperative to make sure the fish are compatible. Not only do they need to be compatible for water temperature and P.H., but they also should have similar food requirements. Try to keep the fish relatively the same size. It has been said that if a fish is small enough to fit in another fishes mouth, that is usually where it ends up. So don’t be discouraged if this happens. Even fish that have been housed together for several months have been known to disappear on occasion.

Freshwater fish should be fed twice daily. Feed only a small amount that can be consumed within the first two to five minutes. Over feeding is a common mistake among novice fish keepers. Any excess food should be lifted with a net if possible, as it will become debris and quickly dirty the tank. Water should be kept regulated and tested weekly. Any discrepancies in P.H. and water temperature should be corrected immediacy in order to minimize stress caused to the fish.

Stress is significant because it causes illness in fish. It is important to monitor the activity and overall well being of the fish in an aquarium. The signs of stress will be fairly obvious. Slow moving or lethargic looking fish will require a stress coat that can be purchased at a local pet store. Try to avoid overcrowding the tank. This should help to reduce the amount of stress caused to the fish.

Change about a third of the water in the aquarium at a time, because this type of change will cause the least amount of disturbance to the fish and other inhabitants. This will need to be done every two to three weeks. Use either a bucket or a siphon to remove the water from the tank. Try to remove any loose or floating debris at this time. When adding the new water to the aquarium, be sure that it is within approximately two degrees of the tank water. The sides of the aquarium should be scrubbed regularly to remove an algae build up. Again be careful not to disturb the fish. Wash your hands thoroughly before and after handling the aquarium. Lastly, check the manufacturer’s recommendation on filters and change them accordingly. Filters collect any fish waste or left over food. They can’t function properly unless they are clean.

Introduce hardy fish to a new tank. These fish can withstand higher nitrite levels that are present in a new aquarium. Choose fish such as danios, barbs, gouramis, and live bearers. Don’t add more than three to four small fish per week. Acclimation times vary per species, so check with your retailer before adding any other new fish.

Click here for Everything You Need To Know About Aquarium and Fish Care Tactics.

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Mountain of God

Mountain of God

Maasai Mountain of God

Oldonyolengai 2,870mt (9,650ft) to the summit is a spectacular, still active volcano near the edge of the Crater highlands to the north west of Ngongoro and little to the south of LakeNatron.Three hours drive from Arusha town.
Although it can be climbed in one very long day it has the reputation of the being the most strenuous and difficult of Tanzanians great peaks to climb. The track up is sand and slippery, and near the summit bare rock is precipitous and exposed. The climber constantly has the filling that he or cold fall, and theirs to stop him until he reaches the plain 6000 ft below. It is not a mountain for the timid.
This is a sacred mountain to the Maasai who dwell in the region and the Maasai name, Oldonyoleng, translates as mountain of God. For the decades if not centuries, the Maasai have been climbing it for reasons of worship but is resent years adventures from all over the world have been trying to ascend it for the magnificent experience and view that it offers.
In 1917 The great erruption blasted, lava and stones was thrown 25 to 30 miles. This way the surrounding is completely semi derset.
In 1926 it was also a mineral erruption. In 1940 the great erruption occured. In 1983 the erruption was minder compared to the past time.
Resently this month of April, 2006 Oldonyolengai errupted again and discharged lave and fire which was throwned 5 km near to the Maasai villages.
Oldonyolengai which is surrounded by Maasai people grazing their domestic animals sharing pastures with the Wild animals. e.g. giiraffe,zebras, buffaloes etc
Apart from all the attractions, Oldonyolengai is very close to LakeNatron where the flamingoes place for breeding.

Jalala NdossaP.O.Box 14173www.safariadventuretza.com

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Benefits of Fish Oil Supplements – are All Types of Omega 3′s Equal

Benefits of Fish Oil Supplements – are All Types of Omega 3′s Equal ??????????????

Loaded with omega 3 fatty acids, the benefits of fish oil supplements are numerous. Known for the positive effect it has on heart health, joints and the brain, omega 3 diet is one of the latest buzzwords in a healthy. Because the body does not naturally produce this vitally important compound, it needs to be obtained through foods or supplements.
While many people believe the best source of omega 3 is in plant foods such as walnuts or flax seed, they may be unaware that there are two different types. Plants produce short chain omega 3 € ™ s, however, the long chain version of this compound contains DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid), which have been proven to provide more abundant health benefits. DHA and EPA are known as essential fatty acids (EFAA € ™ s).

Fish is the best source of these beneficial fatty acids. However given the influx of deadly toxins that are carried by fish, it is recommend they only be consumed one to two times a week. Given this fact it is difficult to get adequate amounts of omega 3 in our diets. Thankfully, fish oil supplements can safely help to make up the shortfall omega third

If you have no serious health conditions, you need about 1000 mgs of omega 3 daily. This means in order to see the benefits of fish oil supplements you should take two 500 mg soft gels daily.

What Are The Health Benefits

With the American Heart Association recommending that everyone increase their intake of omega 3, the health benefits of fish oil are numerous. Studies have shown that a diet filled with omega 3 fatty acids helps improve cardiovascular health, immune response, anti-inflammatory action skin, brain function, vision, joint function and mobility and. In addition, with more than 100,000 scientific studies published on the benefits of fish oil supplements, and fish oil, it is a wonder that everyone does not include it in their diet.

The Superiority Of Fish Oil In Ester Form

Most people have not heard of the ester form of fish oil, Largely because it is so expensive to manufacture. There is only a handful of manufacturers out there which produce fish oil in ester form bioavailability From a point of view it is the most superior form of fish oil. Fish oil is usually manufactured in triglyceride form, and while still beneficial, it can not be readily absorbed until the body converts it to form esters in triglyceride form, the oil has a difficult time passing through the cell membranes, thus the body sees significantly less of its benefits. By contrast, if the oil is converted to an ester form during the manufacturing process it is easily able to enter cell membranes, Allowing the body to use it as instant energy, or store it for later use.
To learn more about the importance of fish oil in ester form please visit benefits of fish oil supplements / ester

Ensuring Purity

Because of toxicity issues with most cold-water fish, it is crucial to research where the fish, from which the oil is harvested, are derived from. The majority of lakes in the northern hemisphere have heavy levels of mercury, PCBA € ™ s and other contaminate. Because of this, most fish oils are imported and transported a Considerable distance before they are made into a capsule form Given their long trek, additives must be put into the oil So that it will not spoil during the journey. In order to Ensure that the oil you are using pure as it is important to use a product that has been molecularly distilled to filter out Contaminate, impurities and additives.

Benefits of fish oil supplements – The Importance of DHA

DHA is the more important Omega 3 fatty acid. It is believed to constitute the ? € ~ building blocks? € ™ of the brain. In addition it has been shown to provide greater cardiovascular benefits than EPA and is more effective at boosting ? € ~ good? € ™ HDL cholesterol and lowering the levels of dangerous triglycerides in the blood. Because of this, DHA content should be one of your main considerations when comparing fish oil brands and you should aim for at least 250 mg. The average industry standard is 120mg of DHA but this is way too low to produce the health benefits associated with this amazing EFA.

While the benefits of fish oil supplements are many, it is important to remember that they are not all created equal. When looking for a quality supplement, make sure it is the highly superior ester form, has been molecularly distilled and contains at least 250mg (and preferable more) of DHA.

Brett Seagrott is a health researcher who previously worked for a manufacturer in the nutritional supplement industry and is the author of http://www.nutritional-supplement-truths.com
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See the City of Boston on Two Wheels…

See the City of Boston on Two Wheels…

Boston Bike Tours is an organization which provides fully equipped, fun, guided, sight seeing bicycle rides in Boston. The tour’s main centre is located near the Visitors Information Center and Park Street Station in the heart of downtown Boston which is visible to any onlooker.

The bike trails such as Charles River Esplanade and Emerald Park linear park system are just around the corner and are ideal for a small suburban family adventure on two wheels. The must see things in Boston such as Freedom Trail can be easily and more effectively explored via on bike rather than on foot because of the easy access and informative support from the special tour guide.

The bike tours are specially designed for the needs of the various customer groups. Tours which are designed for children are slow paced and utilize mostly parks, pathways and quiet side streets to assure the siblings’ security. Special rides for families as well as for school groups are also available in Boston Bike tours. The informative and well experienced staff of guides will assure that the bike ride will be a fun filled yet and educational one.

All tours and rentals are included with bicycle, helmet, and water and if someone wants to be more precise on their journey, self guided maps are also available on demand. Daily tours which are offered by Boston Bike Tours are Freedom Trail Highlight tour, Boston Neighborhood Tour and Harvard Square Tour. Special Sunday Feature Tours and private and group tours are also available in their roaster.

This bike sight seeing service has offered their services to thousands of people and led them on active and informative journey of sight seeing in Boston key areas and recognized as one of the most trusted bike tour services in the area with over 10 year excellence. So if someone looking forward to go on sight seeing on a bike in Boston the best place to go is the Boston Bike Tours.

Millennium Hotels are the best place to stay after a fun filled, energy consumed bike ride around the city of Boston, to relax and refresh the mind and the body as they are renowned as the best Boston Hotels with supreme service.

Naveen Marasinghe is an Online Marketing Executive at eMarketingEye which is a search engine marketing company that offers integrated Internet marketing services and specializes in hotel Internet marketing industry.

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Fly Fishing Clubs

Fly Fishing Clubs

Fly fishing clubs are a great place to learn, apply, and share knowledge of a great outdoor sport. Fly fishing clubs are the best “hands on” resource if you are thinking of entering the fly fishing experience. If you want to learn more about casting a fly rod, how to tie fly’s, how to make fly rods from blanks, or just have a great outdoor experience, check out a club in your area.

If you don’t have a fly fishing club in your area, you might want to access some of the resources available to you on the Internet. There are many places you can go to online where you will find camaraderie, advice, and tips about fly fishing.

Fly fishing clubs are often regional in nature. You can usually find a club that caters exclusively to residents of the state of Michigan or Washington. You can also find a fly fishing club that is geared toward beginning fly fishers or one that gives tips and advice about how to tie flies or the best casting techniques to use.

One of the greatest advantages of a supportive fly fishing club is the opportunity to go on fishing vacations with people you meet. When you get to know people who share your love of fly fishing, they are eager to co-mingle with other people who share their passion.

If you are a member of an Internet club for fly fishers, it can be fun to make plans to meet at a designated spot to get together for some well deserved R & R while fly fishing. You can find camaraderie and friendship by joining a fly fishing club plus, you can learn a lot about the sport from fellow club members.

When joining a fly fishing club, you can further your fly fishing education, practice conservation, and enjoy the company of some interesting people who share your interest in the sport. You can draw on each other’s knowledge and learn new things just by talking and participating in club activities.

Not only are there local clubs, but there are also national fly fishing clubs that you can become a part of. The Federation of Fly Fishers is dedicated to enhancing the sport of fly fishing for all species of fish. International Women Fly Fishers aims to educate women in the sport of fly fishing. Trout Unlimited is committed to the preservation of all cold water species and habitats.

Many people join more than one fly fishing club as the choices can be endless. If you are truly dedicated to the sport of fly fishing, joining a fly fishing club can truly enhance your enjoyment of this exciting and diverse sport!

Steve is the owner of http://www.articleland.co.uk and http://fishing.articleland.co.uk. He is well known for his love of fishing and has travelled the world, always taking time to try out the local waters. He has wriiten a book on the art of fly fishing which can be found at http://fishing.articleland.co.uk

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Fly Fishing Clubs

Fly Fishing Clubs

Fly fishing clubs are a great place to learn, apply, and share knowledge of a great outdoor sport. Fly fishing clubs are the best “hands on” resource if you are thinking of entering the fly fishing experience. If you want to learn more about casting a fly rod, how to tie fly’s, how to make fly rods from blanks, or just have a great outdoor experience, check out a club in your area.

If you don’t have a fly fishing club in your area, you might want to access some of the resources available to you on the Internet. There are many places you can go to online where you will find camaraderie, advice, and tips about fly fishing.

Fly fishing clubs are often regional in nature. You can usually find a club that caters exclusively to residents of the state of Michigan or Washington. You can also find a fly fishing club that is geared toward beginning fly fishers or one that gives tips and advice about how to tie flies or the best casting techniques to use.

One of the greatest advantages of a supportive fly fishing club is the opportunity to go on fishing vacations with people you meet. When you get to know people who share your love of fly fishing, they are eager to co-mingle with other people who share their passion.

If you are a member of an Internet club for fly fishers, it can be fun to make plans to meet at a designated spot to get together for some well deserved R & R while fly fishing. You can find camaraderie and friendship by joining a fly fishing club plus, you can learn a lot about the sport from fellow club members.

When joining a fly fishing club, you can further your fly fishing education, practice conservation, and enjoy the company of some interesting people who share your interest in the sport. You can draw on each other’s knowledge and learn new things just by talking and participating in club activities.

Not only are there local clubs, but there are also national fly fishing clubs that you can become a part of. The Federation of Fly Fishers is dedicated to enhancing the sport of fly fishing for all species of fish. International Women Fly Fishers aims to educate women in the sport of fly fishing. Trout Unlimited is committed to the preservation of all cold water species and habitats.

Many people join more than one fly fishing club as the choices can be endless. If you are truly dedicated to the sport of fly fishing, joining a fly fishing club can truly enhance your enjoyment of this exciting and diverse sport!

Steve is the owner of http://www.articleland.co.uk and http://fishing.articleland.co.uk. He is well known for his love of fishing and has travelled the world, always taking time to try out the local waters. He has wriiten a book on the art of fly fishing which can be found at http://fishing.articleland.co.uk

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Il Grillo Won the Giro Di Lombardia

Il Grillo Won the Giro Di Lombardia

By Camilla Mancini


The Cycling Pro Tour of Lombardy was raced during last Saturday, 14th October. After the 245 kilometers traveled, in the one-day race, the winner was the World and Olympic Champion, Paolo Bettini, also known as “Il Grillo” (the cricket) for his sprinting style.


Bettini reached the line with eyes full of tears, as he pointed to the sky and kissed his rainbow jersey. But his tears weren’t only for the joy of winning his ninth race for the 2006 season; it was the nostalgia for the recent loss of one of the people that supported him all his live.


Sauro Bettini (42), Paolo’s older brother was killed in a car accident near La California-Bibbona in Italy, on October 2nd, 2006.


Il Grillo admitted on Friday that following his brother’s accident, he even considered withdrawing from the races, but his father convinced him to stay in the tracks and to compete on this tour.


“After winning the world title, I was still on in shape, but I wasn’t sure how mentally strong I was,” said Paolo.


Paolo was the first to attack at the Madonna del Ghisallo climb, at 45km distance from the end, and attacked again in the climb of Civiglio 18km away from the finish line at Lake Como.


On the twisted descending it seemed he was worn-out and for a moment was caught by the German, Fabian Wegmann. But at San Fermo della Battaglia climb, Bettini attacked one more time and left his adversaries behind him.


The Spanish, Samuel Sanchez grasped the second place and Wegmann the third.


The Giro di Lombardia was as exciting as it was expected, celebrated a 100 years of competitions and gave an excellent closure to the 2006 European cycling season.


But for anyone wasn’t as important as it was for Paolo “Il Grillo” Bettini, as due to this race, and especially with his conquest, he honored his beloved Sauro.

“During the race, I felt good and so decided I wanted to win to remember Sauro… I wasn’t riding on my own today… The person who used to cheer me from the roadside can’t do it anymore, but he was with me today. I didn’t win by chance”, explained Il Grillo.

Camilla Mancini is one of the most qualified copy writers on Sports Betting and currently writes for Instant Action Sports. Feel free to reprint this article in its entirety on your site, make sure to leave all links in place and do not modify any of the content.

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How Many Bikes Do I Need?

How Many Bikes Do I Need?

Cycling is your passion. You’ve reached the point where you want to get to the next level in cycling, and can afford the same equipment that the top professionals use. How many bikes do you need, and what should you get? When we look at the pros who could get whatever they want, we find that they use a small number of bikes with different roles. Here are the roles I find that work best for them, and I then apply this model to cyclists who wish to have the best:

1. Road bike with powermeter.

This is the primary “everyday” bicycle. Almost all of the top racing cyclists and a growing number of active recreational riders use power meters. I recommend either an SRM or a PowerTap to compliment a sturdy road bike. I specify a stiff yet comfortable frame with Campagnolo Record or Chorus components (unless the client insists on Shimano, but that is another story!), and a set of light but sturdy wheels like the Reynolds Alta Race or Spinergy Xero Lite. I develop the road “fit” model to work around this bike, as most of the time will be spent on it to improve form and technique. Triathletes will also spend most of their time on this bike, learning to ride fast and improving handling skills by riding safely in groups with the faster riders.

2. Light road bike for climbing, Spare bike when primary bike is in maintenance, and for “Mental Health” rides.

The climbing bike is a very efficient, lightweight machine which has a geometry similar to the primary bike, but with lighter components, and no powermeter. When training using power, it is easy to get focused on the numbers and to lose much of the sensory input we get from a “pure” bike ride. I like to advise that one bike has no more than a minimal computer, Garmin Edge, or even nothing at all, so one can either race by feel, or ride for the sake of riding. Many times the light bike comes out for recovery rides, for fun group rides, and for aggressive group rides in the hills. I also find that many people like to put more exotic components on the climbing bikes, which have less use and can thus have more “delicate” components.

3. Time trial bike.

This bike is only necessary for triathletes, and for people who want to do time trials. I do not recommend this as the “only” bike, as riding time trial bicycles in fast groups is strongly discouraged. These bikes do not handle as well, and if one is in the aero bars, one cannot safely take part in an echelon. Team time trials are different, of course, and training for them can and should be done on this bike. I believe that if one can ride fast, straight and smooth on a road bike, that transitioning to the time trial bike is easy, and can be done effectively and safely.

4. Travel case or Travel bike.

There are pros and cons for each. It is really nice to travel and ride. Using a case allows one to use his bike and go anywhere. Using a break-apart bike, one can have a “titanium copy” of their custom road bike, in a durable format with a small travel case that is under the airline maximums. This is great for international travel and for situations where a large case is not possible because of small cars, etc.

5. Track bike, with a road fork and a front brake.

This is definitely not for everyone, but is a tremendous training tool. One can get an unbelievable workout in a short period of time and can develop hyper bike handling skills with a bike like this.

To sum up, I feel that an individual who wants to “do it right”, can benefit greatly from a few great bikes with the following parameters:

A fully defined Precision Laser Fitting. An educated and informed plan to specify frame and components. These bikes last a long time, so planning here maximizes enjoyment and makes the investment the most cost-effective. A plan for improving riding skills, training, and goals for improvement so these tools can be utilized to improve the rider’s cycling lifestyle. I follow the saying that was overheard in an Indy 500 team garage: “The best we can get is barely adequate!”

KGS Bikes is known around the world as the premiere bicycle fitting studio and boutique. Kevin Saunders, President, has over 25 years experience in bicycle fitting and high-end bicycles. In addition to fitting services, KGS Bikes sells bicycles from Parlee, Serotta, Zinn, Co-Motion and Guru. Visit http://www.kgsbikes.com and our blog at http://blog.kgsbikes.com for more information.

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How Can Metabolic Profiling (VO2) Improve your cycling?

How Can Metabolic Profiling (VO2) Improve your Cycling ??????????????

Metabolic Profiling for Cyclists – Climb
stronger – Cycle Recover faster-quicker

Elite cyclists around the world take tests to improve their performance how can a Metabolic Profile help you? Metabolic Profiling (VO2) is now readily available to ave Assessing your metabolic rate at rest and while cycling so that gives you the data you need to improve your cycling and reduce your times. The assessment requires you to wear a comfortable face mask which in turn is connected to an analyzer which measures the oxygen you breathe in and the carbon dioxide you breathe out at rest and while cycling, this is in turn connected to a laptop computer so the software can use the data gathered to accurately pinpoint the calories you are burning and more importantly the fuel source being used, either stored fats, or glycogen.
A Metabolic Assessment can give you information about your resting metabolism and how many calories you require each day. Whether that is to fuel up for your training or to lose a few unwanted pounds. It will tell you about your exercise metabolism, how efficient you are while cycling and at what heart rate zone you best perform in. It will tell you where your Anaerobic Threshold is currently so not to over train.
If too much of your training is spent at or above your threshold you may find your fitness level plateau’s or may even decrease, the metabolic assessment will help you prevent the negative effects of over training.

With this valuable information and with the correct training regime your body will make adaptations which will improve your aerobic capacity and efficiency, help move your anaerobic threshold higher and train your body to burn fat as a preferred fuel. The metabolic assessment can help cyclists perform better and train in the following way.

The assessment will tell you where your anaerobic threshold is. AT is your highest sustainable exercise intensity expressed as a heart rate.
It will tell you how aerobically efficient you are across your aerobic base, having a wide and efficient aerobic base is critical for performance, particularly on longer distance rides.

It will tell you how many calories you burn on your rides so you will be able to fuel up effectively for your training rides and races.
As your aerobic capacity and efficiency improves you will notice how much easier the climbs become, you will be able to recover quicker after high intensity efforts. You want to shed any unwanted excessive pounds.

As you improve your anaerobic threshold you will notice how your speed increases.
So if you want to be the next Lance, or just do not want to dropped on the climbs to assessment will help you improve.

Metabolic profiling, similar to the old VO2 Max tests but with some valuable additional information which can be gained without the necessity for you to work to exhaustion, something that can worry individuals just starting cycling and even those more experienced cyclists. It is becoming more readily available as the Health and Fitness Industry has realized it’s huge potential not just for fitness levels but also for weight management, visit www.humanlabsports.com for more information and to find out how having your profile assessed will benefit you even if you are a beginner, club or elite Cyclist Andy Loughray or call 020 8543 5288 to find out more or by email on andy@humanlabsports.com

Managing Director of Sports HumanLab, heading a team of bio mechanist, kinesiologists, physiotherapists, strength and cardio-vascular specialists. <
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Walking in the Valle D’aosta

Walking in the Valle D’aosta

Walking in the Valle d’Aosta

Walking in Italian Alps can be an extremely rewarding prospect for a number of reasons, not least the food at the end of a long days walk. The summer climate is excellent for walking, especially for those who don’t mind rising a little earlier. There are also a huge variety of paths which can cater for all tastes. This is made even better due to the fact that the least demanding paths are very well marked for family walks and because most Italians stick to these main routes those who are seeking a bit more of a challenge don’t have to look hard. Walking is also a major past time in Italy compared with Britain probably because of the reasons mentioned which means that most paths usually have people on then to help guide the way if needed. Lastly Italy like much of the Alps often has rifugi at the top of hills, not unlike Snowdon in Wales. However unlike Snowdon these rifugi are not in the main tourist attractions selling over priced sandwiches and rubbers. Rather they are often run as B&B’s, restaurants or both selling almost always local food and drink. They are either owned by the Italian Alpine Club (Club Alpino Italiano or CAI) or privately owned and run. Either way they are a very welcome presence for both day hikers and trail walkers. From my own experience they are also a very enjoyable way to spend an afternoon eating excellent, reasonably priced food followed by coffee and a grappa.

It is because of this potential that I have found myself on a number of occasions walking in the Italian Alps and within the article I hope to show that whilst Monte Bianco offers a great deal for mountaineers the Alps has just as much to offer for a whole variety of walkers. I have found it easiest to base myself in Courmayeur because although it is more expensive than Morgex and Aosta located further down the valle it has unrivalled access to the best routes. I have chosen three walks with the aim to provide something for everyone from families to advanced hill walkers. For all of the walks, hikers would be advised to purchase the Mont Blanc/ Courmayeur/ Chamonix/ La Thuile 1:25,000 maps made by the Istituto Geografico Centrale. Whilst all European maps lack the detail of British OS or Harvey maps this is the closest I have found to the British equivalent.

La Palud to Pavillon (Hard)

Although this walk is very short it is definitely a challenge, made all the better because of the wonderful restaurant at the end. The main difficulty with this is the sheer steepness, as the walk is only around 2km long but climbs 1000m. From Courmayeur take the bus to Coudrey (just up the valley) or if you have a car there is a car park in La Palud. The first part of the walk is through the village and then moves into forest track which is extremely steep. If you have any issues with joints take walking sticks as I struggled without mine. Once out of the forest you wind you way upwards into spectacular views down the valley. I walked as the sun was rising which made the walk all the more impressive. The route is clearly marked so navigation is not an issue; however this is a walk for people who like a challenge rather than those looking for a long days walk. The walk takes around one and a half hours in total but could be completed quicker depending on fitness levels. Once at Pavillon (the refuge and cable car base) I would advise staying for food at the restaurant followed by a rest out on the sun loungers. You can then either take the cable car up (to Ponte Helbronner 3450m, viewing platform) or down to Praz Dele (1381m) where there is a bus stop, café and a number of bars. Although at first this seems like a short walk the rewards are massive the views alone are worth the effort, however there is the added benefit of other members of you group being able to take the cable car up to meet you. This is especially useful if you are with children.

Courmayeur to Val Ferret (Level Moderate with the potential for Hard)

This walk is best started in the centre of Courmayeur, especially as you have access to some excellent bars open early for coffee, most notably Bar Centro which can be found at the bottom of the high street. After this you head up the high street to the Guida Alpina (local guide’s office) located next the recently renovated church. From here you head for the small village of Villair along the Tour de Mont Blanc (TMB) route, which begins with a forest track. After crossing a bridge you head upwards on a steep track (this is the most challenging part) for around 2 hours if with non walkers. Although the top is some 1989 meters you actually only climb around 700 from Courmayeur. On the day I walked up a family were walking up with children as young as 6 or 7. It can easily be done with a day pack in under an hour, as I reached the top in just over 50 minutes. At the top you will reach the Refuge di Bertone a family run refuge which sells excellent food and drink. The refuge is also home to some of the most spectacular views in the low Alps and is well worth the walk. From this point you have two choices, firstly for families you can return downwards into Val Ferret along the route marked 31. This route is very gentle and leads you down eventually to Planpincieux where you will find a restaurant and a regular bus service (every 15 minutes) to take you back to Courmayeur. The other option is to continue to the top of Mont de la Saxe (2345m), which is around a 30 minute walk from the refuge. You then continue walking along the TMB route and descend steeply to the Col Sapin (2435m). From here you continue down and then follow the Torrent D’Arminaz along rout 29 down to the valley. This takes around an hour and a half and is much more demanding than the first option but well worth it for experienced walkers.

Val Ferret Walk (Easy)

Val Ferret is one of the three glacial valleys which meet at the base of Monte Bianco (Italian for Mont Blanc). It runs South West-North East for around 10-15 km and provides perhaps the best opportunity for easy walking with children in the area. You can start the day either by walking from Le Saxe (1260) a small village on the outskirts of Courmayeur or taking the bus to Pont Perrin at the entrance to the valley (1495m). If you are walking you walk through Le Saxe and follow Route 1 for around ¼ km until you meet the main road and walk along side where the route changes into route 33. You then follow the river on your left into the valley for around 30 mins. This is fairly flat and passes through some very picturesque forest paths. Once at Pont Perrin you walk along side the road to Planpincieux. At this point you can leave the road and walk northwards up Route 21 which is a small climb. Although this leads into the mountains there are some excellent spots for a picnic along this route which is usually quieter than the routes further up the valley. From this point in the valley you can walk along side the Doire du Val Ferret (glacial fed river) which in some is beautiful as you have the Monte Bianco range to the west. Once you get to Lavachey (1640m) there are a number of excellent restaurants selling local food and excellent wine. In the summer months this route becomes very busy so I would advise that walkers start out early before the tourist hoards arrive.

Carmine Sacco is a free lance writer and owner of the web site www.italiansapore.co.uk

copyright 2007 Carmine Sacco

Rock Climbing Rescue, El Capitan, Yosemite, Part 2 Part 1, Rock Climbing Rescue, El Capitan. A drunk climber has fallen and is only being held by the rope around his leg.
Video Rating: 5 / 5

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